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The following information is about the most commonly grown nut trees grown in home gardens and yards. This page is a basic reference fact sheet providing a general informational guide. Before purchasing nut trees for your own growing areas, consult the professionals at your local nurseries for specific nut trees varieties.
General Information for Nut Trees
Filbert:
Deciduous tree. Filberts can make a handsome, well structured small tree for the garden, or a beautiful shrub for the landscaping. Either form may reach 15 to 25 feet when mature. Filberts will grow suckers, so prune the undesired suckers to maintain the tree shape. However, if you prefer a shrub form do not remove all of the suckers. Filberts do best in full sun, but will tolerate some shade. Filberts will grow well in most well drained soils. Cross pollinization is required for nut production. A ten year old Filbert may begin yielding up to 8 pounds of nuts per year.
Walnut:
Deciduous tree with a large spreading form reaching 40 to 50 feet high when mature. Remember, do not plant walnut trees to close to parking areas, decks or terraces due to their wide spread. These trees have lots of rather large leaves and can be quite messy when they fall. In addition the nut husks will stain woodwork, decks, sidewalks, and cars after they fall off the tree. These trees require deep soil moisture. However, the base of the tree must be free of to much moisture. Walnuts generally do not require cross pollinization.
Almond:
Deciduous tree reaching up to 20 to 30 feet in height when mature. This tree has an erect form when young, but will tend to become somewhat spreading and dome shaped with age. The fruit looks like a greenish, leathery, flattened, undersized peach. This hull splits to reveal the nut. Almond do well in nearly any soil. They have a deep root system, usually up to seven feet. The Almond will do well with less water than most fruit trees. Almond do need cross pollinization by planting two different varieties, unless a self-fertile variety is desired.
Chestnut:
Deciduous tree reaching up to 40 to 50 feet in height when mature. The large nuts grow within a large husk with prickly burrs. Each husk usually contains one or two edible nuts. Chestnut trees are a dense shade tree and they require ample space in which to grow. The creamy white, small flowers form along long slender catkins which are 8 to 12 inches long, which bloom in June/July. Two trees of the same variety must be planted for a substantial nut crop. Single trees tend to bear lightly, or not at all. Plant in full sun. Chestnut trees do well in most soils, but are intolerant of alkaline soils.
Fig:
Deciduous tree. While not generally considered a nut tree, the Fig tree does bear a fruit. Figs are a fast growing tree reaching up to 15 to 30 feet in height when mature. Usually their trunks are heavy, smooth, and grey in color. When mature these trees become gnarled and their silhouette tends to be very picturesque. They require full sun, good drainage and will grow in most types of garden soils. Home Fig varieties do not require cross polinating and most varieties will bear two crops each year. The first crop in July and the second one in August or October.
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Growing Nut Trees
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This page was last updated August 2, 2023.
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